Compressors waa qayb ka mid ah ku dhawaad goob kasta oo wax soo saarka ah. Caadi ahaan loogu yeero wadnaha hawo ama gaas kasta, hantidani waxay u baahan tahay fiiro gaar ah, gaar ahaan saliidayntooda. Si aad u fahamto doorka muhiimka ah ee saliiddu ka ciyaarto kombaresarada, waa inaad marka hore fahamtaa shaqadooda iyo sidoo kale saamaynta nidaamka ee saliidaha, kaas oo saliidda lagu doorto iyo waxa tijaabooyinka falanqaynta saliidda la sameeyo.
● Noocyada iyo Hawlaha Compressor
Noocyo badan oo kombaresarada kala duwan ayaa diyaar ah, laakiin doorkooda aasaasiga ah had iyo jeer waa isku mid. Compressors waxaa loogu talagalay inay xoojiso cadaadiska gaaska iyagoo yareynaya mugga guud. Erayada la fududeeyay, qofku wuxuu u malayn karaa kombaresarada sida bamka gaaska oo kale ah. Shaqadu asal ahaan waa isku mid, iyada oo farqiga ugu weyni uu yahay in kombareeyaha uu yareeyo mugga oo uu gaaska u dhex maro nidaamka, halka bamku si fudud u cadaadiyo oo u qaado dareeraha habka.
Compressors waxa loo qaybin karaa laba qaybood oo guud: barakac togan iyo firfircooni. Rotary, diaphragm iyo kombaresarada soo noqnoqda waxay hoos yimaadaan kala soocida barokaca togan. Compressors Rotary waxay u shaqeeyaan iyaga oo ku qasba gaas meelo yar yar iyaga oo isticmaalaya biro, lobes ama vanes, halka kombaresarada diaphragm ay ku shaqeeyaan cadaadiska gaaska iyada oo loo marayo dhaqdhaqaaqa xuubka. Compressors-ka soo noqnoqda ayaa ku cadaadiya gaaska iyada oo loo marayo bistoon ama taxane pistons ah oo uu wado biibiile.
Centrifugal, qulqulka isku dhafan iyo kombaresarada axial ayaa ku jira qaybta firfircoon. Compressor-ka centrifugal wuxuu u shaqeeyaa isagoo isku cadaadiya gaaska isagoo isticmaalaya saxan wareeg ah oo ku dhex jira guri la sameeyay. Compressor-qulqulaya isku-dhafan wuxuu u shaqeeyaa la mid ah kombaresarada centrifugal laakiin wuxuu wadaa qulqulka axially halkii uu ka lahaan lahaa shucaac. Compressors Axial waxay abuurtaa cadaadis iyada oo loo marayo taxane hawo-mareen ah.
● Saamaynta saliidaha
Kahor doorashada saliidaha kombaresarka, mid ka mid ah arrimaha aasaasiga ah ee la tixgelinayo waa nooca cadaadiska saliidda laga yaabo in lagu soo rogo inta lagu jiro adeegga. Caadi ahaan, culeyska saliidaha ee kombaresarada waxaa ka mid ah qoyaan, kuleyl aad u daran, gaaska iyo hawada ciriiriga ah, walxaha birta ah, milanka gaaska, iyo dusha sare ee dheecaanka kulul.
Maskaxda ku hay in marka gaaska la cadaadiyo, ay saameyn xun ku yeelan karto saliidaha oo ay keento hoos u dhac muuqda oo viscosity ah oo ay weheliso uumiga, oksaydhka, kaydinta kaarboonka iyo uumi ka soo ururinta qoyaanka.
Marka aad ka warqabto welwelka muhiimka ah ee laga yaabo in lagu soo bandhigo saliidaha, waxaad isticmaali kartaa macluumaadkan si aad u soo koobto xulashadaada saliidda kombaresarka ugu habboon. Astaamaha saliidaha musharraxa xooggan waxaa ka mid ah xasilloonida oksaydheynta, ka-hortagga xirashada iyo daxalka lagu daro, iyo sifooyinka demulsibility. Kaydka aasaasiga ah ee synthetic waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inay si fiican u qabtaan heerkulka ballaaran ee kala duwan.
● Xulashada saliidda
Hubinta inaad haysato saliidda saxda ah waxay muhiim u tahay caafimaadka kombaresarada. Talaabada ugu horeysa waa in la tixraaco talooyinka soo saaraha qalabka asalka ah (OEM). Viscosities-ka saliidda Compressor iyo qaybaha gudaha ee la subkay aad bay u kala duwanaan karaan iyadoo lagu saleynayo nooca kombaresarka. Talooyinka soo saaraha ayaa ku siin kara meel wanaagsan oo laga bilaabo.
Marka xigta, tixgeli gaaska la cadaadiyo, maadaama ay si weyn u saameyn karto saliidaha. Cadaadiska hawadu waxay u horseedi kartaa arrimo leh heerkul saliideed oo sarreeya. Gaasaska Hydrocarbon waxay u muuqdaan inay milaan saliidaha, dabadeedna, si tartiib tartiib ah u yareeyaan viscosity-ka.
Gaasaska aan shaqayn ee kiimikaad ah sida kaarboon ogsaydhsaydh iyo ammonia ayaa laga yaabaa inay la falgalaan saliidaha oo ay yareeyaan mawjadaha iyo sidoo kale waxay abuuraan saabuun nidaamka. Gaasaska firfircoon ee kimikalka ah sida ogsijiin, koloriin, sulfur dioxide iyo hydrogen sulfide waxa ay samayn karaan kaydyo adag ama waxa ay noqdaan kuwo aad u daxaloolsan marka qoyaan badan uu ku jiro saliidaha.
Sidoo kale waa inaad xisaabta ku dartaa jawiga lagu shubay kombaresarada. Tan waxa ku jiri kara heerkulka deegaanka, heerkulka shaqaynta, wasakhowga hawada ku wareegsan, ha ahaado kombaresarada gudaha iyo daboolan tahay ama dibadda oo ay soo gaadhay cimilo xun, iyo sidoo kale warshadaha lagu shaqeeyo.
Compressors waxay inta badan isticmaalaan saliidaha synthetic ee ku salaysan talada OEM. Soosaarayaasha qalabka inta badan waxay u baahan yihiin isticmaalka saliidaha summadaysan sida shuruudda dammaanadda. Xaaladahan, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad sugto ilaa ka dib wakhtiga dammaanadda uu dhacayo si aad isbeddel saliideed u samayso.
Haddii codsigaagu hadda isticmaalo saliidaha macdanta ku salaysan, u beddelashada qalabka synthetic waa in la caddeeyaa, sababtoo ah tani badanaa waxay noqon doontaa mid qaali ah. Dabcan, haddii warbixinnadaada falanqaynta saliidda ay muujinayaan walaacyo gaar ah, saliidda synthetic waxay noqon kartaa doorasho wanaagsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hubi inaadan wax ka qabanayn calaamadaha dhibaatada, laakiin waxaad xallisaa sababaha asaasiga ah ee nidaamka.
Waa kuwee saliidaha synthetic ee macnaha ugu badan ku sameeya codsiga kombaresarka? Caadi ahaan, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), polyalphaolefins (POAs), qaar ka mid ah diesters iyo polyolester ayaa la isticmaalaa. Midkee ka mid ah kuwan synthetics ee la dooranayo waxay ku xirnaan doontaa saliidaha aad ka beddelayso iyo sidoo kale codsiga.
Muujinaya caabbinta oksaydhka iyo nolol dheer, polyalphaolefins guud ahaan waa beddelka ku habboon saliidaha macdanta. Glycols polyalkylene ee aan biyo-milmi karin waxay bixiyaan milmi wanaagsan si ay uga caawiyaan inay nadiifiyaan kombaresarada. Esters-yada qaarkood waxay leeyihiin xitaa milmayn ka wanaagsan PAG-yada laakiin waxay la halgami karaan qoyaanka xad-dhaafka ah ee nidaamka.
Tirada | Halbeegga | Habka Imtixaanka caadiga ah | Unugyo | Magac ahaan | Digniin | Halis ah |
Falanqaynta Guryaha Saliidda | ||||||
1 | Viscosity &@40℃ | ASTM 0445 | cSt | Saliid cusub | Magac ahaan +5%/-5% | Magac ahaan +10%/-10% |
2 | Lambarka Asiidhka | ASTM D664 ama ASTM D974 | mgKOH/g | Saliid cusub | Barta is-rogid +0.2 | Barta is-rogid +1.0 |
3 | Waxyaabaha lagu daro: Ba, B, Ca, Mg, Mo, P, Zn | ASTM D518S | ppm | Saliid cusub | Magac ahaan +/- 10% | Magac ahaan +/- 25% |
4 | Oxidation | ASTM E2412 FTIR | Nuugista /0.1 mm | Saliid cusub | Ku salaysan tira koob oo loo isticmaalo qalab baadhiseed | |
5 | Nitration | ASTM E2412 FTIR | Nuugista /0.1 mm | Saliid cusub | Tirakoob ahaan ba$ed iyo u$ed a$ qalab scceenintf ah | |
6 | Antioxidant RUL | ASTMD6810 | Boqolkiiba | Saliid cusub | Magac ahaan -50% | Magac ahaan -80% |
Midabaynta Meebrane ee suurtogalka ah ee Varnish | ASTM D7843 | 1-100 miisaan (1 ayaa ugu fiican) | <20 | 35 | 50 | |
Falanqaynta faddaraynta saliidda | ||||||
7 | Muuqashada | ASTM D4176 | Kormeerka muuqaalka ah ee biyaha bilaashka ah iyo paniculate | |||
8 | Heerka qoyaanka | ASTM E2412 FTIR | Boqolkiiba | Bartilmaameedka | 0.03 | 0.2 |
dildilaaca | Xasaasi ah ilaa 0.05% oo loo isticmaalo qalab baadhiseed | |||||
Marka laga reebo | Heerka qoyaanka | ASTM 06304 Karl Fischer | ppm | Bartilmaameedka | 300 | 2.000 |
9 | Tirada Qaybaha | ISO 4406: 99 | ISO Code | Bartilmaameedka | Bartilmaameedka +1 nambarka kala duwan | Bartilmaameedka +3 lambarrada kala duwan |
Marka laga reebo | Imtixaanka balastar | Hababka lahaanshaha | Loo isticmaalo xaqiijinta qashinka iyadoo la adeegsanayo baadhis muuqaal ah | |||
10 | Walxaha wasakhaysan: Si, Ca, Me, AJ, iwm. | ASTM DS 185 | ppm | <5* | 6-20* | >20* |
*Waxay ku xidhan tahay wasakhowga, codsiga iyo deegaanka | ||||||
Falanqaynta Qashinka Dharka Dufanka leh (Fiiro gaar ah: akhrinta aan caadiga ahayn waa in lagu raacaa ferrografi-gaabeedka) | ||||||
11 | Xiro Qaybaha Qashin-qubka: Fe, Cu, Cr, Ai, Pb. Maya, Sn | ASTM D518S | ppm | Celceliska Taariikhda | Magaca + SD | Magaca +2 SD |
Marka laga reebo | Cufnaanta Ferrous | Hababka lahaanshaha | Hababka lahaanshaha | Celceliska Hirtoric | Magac ahaan + S0 | Magaca +2 SD |
Marka laga reebo | Tusmada PQ | PQ90 | Tusmada | Celceliska Taariikhda | Magaca + SD | Magaca +2 SD |
Tusaalaha tijaabada baaritaanka saliida iyo xadka alaarmiga ee kombaresarada centrifugal.
● Tijaabada Falanqaynta Saliidda
Tijaabooyin badan ayaa lagu samayn karaa muunadda saliidda, sidaa awgeed waxa lama huraan ah in aad muhiim u ah marka la dooranayo tijaabooyinkan iyo inta jeer ee muunada. Tijaabadu waa in ay daboosho saddex qaybood oo falanqaynta saliidda aasaasiga ah: sifooyinka dareeraha saliidda, joogitaanka wasakhaha ee nidaamka sifaynta iyo wax kasta oo hadhaaga mashiinada.
Iyada oo ku xidhan nooca kombaresarada, waxaa laga yaabaa in wax yar ka bedel lagu sameeyo xaashida tijaabada, laakiin guud ahaan waa wax caadi ah in la arko viscosity, falanqaynta aasaasiga ah, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, lambarka acid, awooda varnish, wareegga cadaadiska markabka oksaydhka (RPVOT) ) iyo tijaabooyinka demulsibility ee lagu taliyay in lagu qiimeeyo sifooyinka dareeraha saliidaha.
Tijaabooyinka wasakhda dareeraha ah ee kombaresarada waxay u badan tahay inay ku jiraan muuqaalka, FTIR iyo falanqaynta aasaasiga ah, halka tijaabada kaliya ee caadiga ah ee ka soo baxda qashin qubka ay tahay falanqaynta aasaasiga ah. Tusaalaha tijaabada baaritaanka saliida iyo xadka alaarmiga ee kombaresarada centrifugal ayaa kor lagu muujiyay.
Sababtoo ah imtixaanada qaarkood waxay qiimeyn karaan walaacyo badan, qaar ayaa ka soo muuqan doona qaybo kala duwan. Tusaale ahaan, falanqaynta aasaasiga ah waxay qaban kartaa heerarka dhimista dheeriga ah marka loo eego aragtida hantida dareeraha, halka jajabyada qaybaha ka soo baxa falanqaynta qashinka xidhashada ama FTIR ay u aqoonsan karaan oksaydhka ama qoyaanka inay yihiin wasakh dareere ah.
Xadka alaarmiga inta badan waxa shaybaarku u dejiya wax-ka-hortagga, dhirta badankooduna weligood ma isweydiiyaan mudnaantooda. Waa inaad dib u eegtaa oo aad xaqiijisaa in xadkan loo qeexay si ay u waafaqaan ujeedooyinka lagu kalsoonaan karo. Markaad horumarinayso barnaamijkaaga, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad xitaa rabto inaad ka fikirto inaad beddesho xadka. Inta badan, xaddidaadaha qaylo-dhaantu waxay bilaabaan xoogaa sare waxayna isbeddelaan waqti ka dib sababtoo ah bartilmaameedyo badan oo nadaafadeed oo gardarro ah, sifeynta iyo xakamaynta wasakhda.
● Fahamka Dufanka Compressor
Marka la eego saliidayntooda, kombaresarada waxay u ekaan kartaa xoogaa adag. Sida fiican adiga iyo kooxdaadu u fahmaan shaqada kombaresarada, saamaynta nidaamka ku leeyahay saliidaha, kee baa la dooranayaa saliida iyo tijaabooyinka falanqaynta saliida waa in la sameeyaa, way fiicnaan doontaa fursadahaaga ilaalinta iyo kor u qaadida caafimaadka qalabkaaga.
Waqtiga boostada: Nov-16-2021